Three Pillars of Photography

Aperture

F 2.8

the background in this picture is blurred, while the center flowers are in focus.

F 16

the whole picture is completely in focus. 

Questions: 

1. We should associate the eye with aperture because the purposes of the pupil, lens, and cornea, are similar to how a camera's aperture works with how each handle light exposure. 

2. The smaller the aperture, the larger the F-number. The larger the aperture, the smaller the F-number. 

3. The depth of field is how large the area is that will appear sharp. If the aperture is smaller, then the number will be lower, which means more of the picture will be in focus (more depth of field). If the aperture is larger, then the number will be smaller, and less of the picture will be in focus (less depth of field). 

Shutter Speed

High Shutter Speed: 

Slow Shutter Speed:

Good lighting

a.) This picture would need a medium speed. This wouldn't have movement of people so it wouldn't need to capture anything moving. 

b.) This picture would need a slightly faster shutter speed. There could be people handing out food and things, and we wouldn't want that to be blurry. 

c.) A picture of the Stars dancing would have to have a fast shutter speed to capture the movement. 

d.) For a small amount of people doing dance moves, then it would be better to have a slower shutter speed. For a larger amount, it should be a faster shutter speed. 

e.) People streaming in from the doors should be slower shutter speed to get an interesting effect. 

f.) Students shooting basketballs should have a faster shutter speed so it can capture the movement.

Dark lighting

a.) This picture would need a medium to slow shutter speed.

b.) This picture would need a slow shutter speed because the lighting under the awnings would be darker. 

c.) The stars dancing in the gym would still need a faster shutter speed because it is in the gym and the faster movement needs a faster shutter speed. 

d.) Students dancing in the courtyard would need a slow shutter speed because the lighting would be dark and we would want to capture their movement.

e.) People streaming in from the doors in dim lighting would need a very slow shutter speed because the lighting is very dark, and since the shutter speed with light would be slow, it would need to be even slower.

f.) Students shooting basketballs should have a fast shutter speed to get the movement without it being blurry. 

Aperture Priority works by how the camera automatically sets up shutter speed, but you set your personal aperture.

Shutter Priority works by setting the speed on your own but the camera automatically sets the aperture.

Manual is when you set both the shutter speed and aperture yourself for customization. 

ISO

ISO 200

ISO 3200

1. A higher ISO should be used for sports and moving objects because a higher ISO must use a faster shutter speed to make the picture not blurry.

2. Low ISO should be used in darker atmospheres and places to capture detail. It's best to stick to the lowest ISO possible on a regular basis when there is plenty of light.

3. A higher ISO should be used when there is not enough light for the camera to capture an image quickly. Higher ISO adds 'noise' to pictures, so it's important to judge whether or not that's appropriate for an image. 

Camera Example: 

Aperture settings: 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22

Shutter Speeds: 1 second, 1/60 second, 1/4000 second

ISO: 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 3200, 6400, 12800, 25600